What does a yellow and black striped caterpillar turn into? The striking black-and-yellow caterpillar turns into a truly beautiful moth, with bright scarlet markings on rich brown wings (although occasional yellow-marked individuals have been known to occur). Are black and yellow striped caterpillars dangerous? Most caterpillars, including black and yellow ones, pose no harm to humans or animals. The black swallowtail caterpillar (Papilio polyxenes), redhumped caterpillar (Schizura concinna) and yellownecked caterpillar (Datana ministra) have no stingers or poison. What kind of caterpillar is yellow with black stripes? White-Lined Sphinx Caterpillar Some species can be a yellow color with black stripes....