How does a DNA sequence determine a trait quizlet?
How does a DNA sequence determine a trait quizlet?
How does DNA determine our traits? DNA carries the instructions for making all proteins, which determine our traits. DNA can’t leave the nucleus so mRNA copies the message of DNA and carries it to a ribosome. On the ribosome mRNA is read by tRNA, which brings in the correct amino acid to make the protein.
What is a set of genes that determine a trait?
genotype. the combination of alleles located on homologous chromosomes that determines a specific characteristic or trait (the allelic combination such as Bb) phenotype. the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, as determined by the genotype (the expressed trait such as brown eyes)
How does DNA code for certain traits quizlet?
The process shown above is known as transcription and involves the production of proteins from DNA. D. The process shown above is known as replication and involves the production of DNA from RNA. A.
How the structure of DNA determines the structure of proteins quizlet?
The sequence of nucleotide bases in DNA determines which amino acids are used, and in which order they are joined. Every three nucleotides along the DNA molecule are code for ONE amino acid in a protein molecule. Since amino acids make up proteins, the sequence of the DNA’s bases decides the sequence of amino acids.
Do genes determine all traits?
Genes carry the information that determines your traits (say: trates), which are features or characteristics that are passed on to you — or inherited — from your parents. Each cell in the human body contains about 25,000 to 35,000 genes. Genes aren’t just found in humans — all animals and plants have genes, too.
What do you know about DNA quizlet?
DNA holds genetic information that determines an organisms traits. DNA contains the instructions for making proteins. After fertilization of an egg, billions of cells are produced by mitosis, each cell has a copy of DNA from original fertilized cell. Process of copying DNA is called Replication of DNA.
How do we get our traits quizlet?
Traits are passed from generation to generation, they are inherited by your parents.
What sequence in a DNA molecule determines the protein that will be produced?
The base sequence determines amino acid sequence in protein. Messenger RNA (mRNA) is a molecule which carries a copy of the code from the DNA, in the nucleus, to a ribosome, where the protein is assembled from amino acids.
How does the structure of DNA determine the structure of a protein?
The shape of a protein is determined by its primary structure (sequence of amino acids). The sequence of amino acids in a protein is determined by the sequence of nucleotides in the gene (DNA) encoding it.
What are the 3 parts that make up DNA?
nucleotides
DNA is made of chemical building blocks called nucleotides. These building blocks are made of three parts: a phosphate group, a sugar group and one of four types of nitrogen bases.
What is structure of DNA quizlet?
DNA is structured in a double helix, with two strands that twist around each other. Each strand is made of single units called nucleotides, with a sugar-phosphate backbone. Bases join the two strands by hydrogen bonds. Each strand DNA can be made upon millions of base-pairs, and are coiled up to make chromosomes.
What also helps define our traits?
Traits are determined by genes, and also they are determined by the interaction with the environment with genes. And remember that genes are the messages in our DNA that define individual characteristics. So the trait is the manifestation of the product of a gene that is coded for by the DNA.
How are traits determined by genes?
For every trait we have–eye color, skin color and so on–there is a gene or group of genes that controls the trait by producing first the message and then the protein. Sperm cells and eggs cells are specialized to carry DNA in such a way that, at fertilization, a new individual with traits from both its mother and father is created.
How does DNA determine the color of the eye?
DNA for a blue-eyes gene is copied as a blue-eyes RNA message. That message is then translated into the blue protein pigments found in the cells of the eye. For every trait we have–eye color, skin color and so on–there is a gene or group of genes that controls the trait by producing first the message and then the protein.
What is the relationship between DNA and proteins?
Proteins do much of the chemical work inside cells, so they largely determine what those traits are. But those proteins owe their existence to the DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), so that is where we must look for the answer. The easiest way to understand how DNA is organized is to start with its basic building blocks.
What does a longer piece of DNA mean?
A much longer piece of DNA can therefore be the equivalent of different words connected to make a sentence, or gene, that describes how to build a protein. And a still longer piece of DNA could contain information about when that protein should be made.