What are the contraindications of intramuscular injection?

Contraindications

Active infection, cellulitis, or dermatitis at the site of administration.
Known allergy or hypersensitivity to the drug.
Acute myocardial infarction- the release of muscle enzymes may provide a confounding bias in making the diagnosis.
Thrombocytopenia.
Coagulation defects.

Where do you give a 2 year old IM injection?

Toddler (1 to 3 years of age)

Deltoid muscle: This is the top, upper part of the arm. Only inject in this site if your health-care provider tells you that this is an appropriate injection site for your child.
Front, outer side of the thigh. Do not use the inner thigh or back of the thigh.

Why is the vastus lateralis the site of choice for injections for children under 4 years of age?

Infants (12 Months or Younger) For most infants, the vastus lateralis muscle in the anterolateral thigh is the recommended site for injection because it provides a large muscle mass.

What should you do if you see blood in the syringe when you aspirate?

If any blood comes into the syringe, you will need to remove the needle and find a new injection site. Blood is a sign that you have hit a blood vessel or artery, and should not proceed with an injection. Do not reuse the same needle, as this can lead to infection.

Should you aspirate when giving Covid vaccine?

No. You should not aspirate before giving any vaccine, including COVID-19 vaccines. Aspiration can increase pain because of the combined effects of a longer needle-dwelling time in the tissues and shearing action (wiggling) of the needle.

What is the proper site for a pediatric IM injection for toddlers under 2 years?

Toddlers (Aged 12 Months-2 Years) For toddlers, the anterolateral thigh muscle is preferred, and when this site is used, the needle should be at least 1 inch long. The deltoid muscle can be used if the muscle mass is adequate.

Which is the preferred location for intramuscular injections on a toddler?

The anterolateral thigh is the preferred site for IM injection in infants under 12 months of age. Medications are injected into the bulkiest part of the vastus lateralis thigh muscle, which is the junction of the upper and middle thirds of this muscle.

What happens if you give an expired vaccine?

Getting any expired vaccine can mean that you are not protected as well or at all from a disease. It’s also possible that certain inactive vaccines could cause harmful reactions, but there are not many documented cases of this happening, and no documented cases of this happening with COVID-19 vaccines.

Do pre school boosters have side effects?

Very common side effects of the 4-in-1 pre-school booster discomfort, redness and swelling at the injection site. loss of appetite. irritability or restlessness. increased crying.

How do you know if you hit a nerve when injecting?

If a nerve is hit, the patient will feel an immediate burning pain, which can result in paralysis or neuropathy that does not always resolve.

What happens if air is injected into your veins?

When an air bubble enters a vein, it’s called a venous air embolism. When an air bubble enters an artery, it’s called an arterial air embolism. These air bubbles can travel to your brain, heart, or lungs and cause a heart attack, stroke, or respiratory failure.

Why do you not aspirate with vaccines?

Aspiration before injection of vaccines or toxoids (i.e., pulling back on the syringe plunger after needle insertion but before injection) is not necessary because no large blood vessels are present at the recommended injection sites, and a process that includes aspiration might be more painful for infants (22).