How does a explosively formed penetrator work?

EFPs are self-forging warheads designed to effectively penetrate armor and fire in a way similar to cannons. When fired, the explosive charge deforms a concave metal plate into a slug or rod shape. The shape forms as the plate accelerates toward an intended target. EFPs can breach tank armor 300 feet away.

How fast does a shaped charge travel?

The speed can reach 10 km/s, peaking some 40 microseconds after detonation; the cone tip is subjected to acceleration of about 25 million g. The jet tail reaches about 2–5 km/s. The pressure between the jet tip and the target can reach one terapascal.

How does a EFP work?

An exchange of futures for physical (EFP) allows for one party to swap a futures contract for the actual underlying asset. EFPs are traded over-the-counter (OTC) and are often used by commodities producers to hedge positions or regulate production.

How does a shaped charge warhead work?

A shaped charge is a concave metal hemisphere or cone (known as a liner) backed by a high explosive, all in a steel or aluminum casing. A detonator is activated to initiate the explosive material to generate a detonation wave. This wave collapses the liner and a high velocity metallic jet is formed.

What is hollow charge principle?

Definition of hollow charge : an explosive which concentrates its force in one direction (as in a projectile designed to blow a hole through armor plate)

What component of an IED is used to start a detonation?

In principle, all IEDs consist of an initiating mechanism, a detonator, an explosive charge, and a casing or collection of projectiles (such as ball bearings or nails) that produces lethal fragments upon detonation.

What is a shaped charge made of?

The shaped charge, principally the hand-fired rocket, is another highly publicized product introduced during World War II. A shaped charge normally consists of a cone made of metal or glass surrounded by a high-strength, high-density explosive and means to obtain the proper standoff,…

Is an RPG a shaped charge?

The RPG warhead being used against tanks and other armor often has a shaped charge explosive warhead. A shaped charge is an explosive charge shaped to focus the effect of the explosive’s energy. These warheads are affixed to a rocket motor and stabilized in flight with fins.

What is a swap EFP?

The exchange for physicals (EFP) facility is an off-market trading mechanism that enables customers to swap futures and options exposure for an offsetting physical position. It offers the flexibility and certainty of an over-the-counter (OTC) market, plus the counterparty guarantee of an exchange market.

What is an EFP rate?

The EFP is a privately-negotiated transaction between the two parties to the trade, where the consummated transaction must be reported to the Exchange. As such, the pricing of the EFP is quoted in terms of the basis between the price of the futures contract and the level of the underlying index.

What are shaped charges made of?

What is precursor warhead?

The precursor warhead is a cylindrically-shaped attachment adapted for a friction fit over the nose cone of existing HEAA warheads. The precursor warhead replaces the existing crush switch on the HEAA round and also initiates, with appropriate time delay, the main explosive charge.