How is alloimmune thrombocytopenia diagnosed?

The primary tests for neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT) are an initial CBC with platelet count to confirm thrombocytopenia, followed by a maternal serum test for platelet alloantibodies. (Neonatal samples are discouraged for circulating antibody testing due to insensitivity.

How is NAIT diagnosed?

A diagnosis of NAIT is made by testing the blood of both parents and confirming a suspected diagnosis with fetal or neonatal blood. If a platelet antigen incompatibility exists in the couple, screening for maternal anti-HPA antibodies specific for paternal or neonatal platelet antigens should be performed.

What is alloimmune neutropenia?

Introduction: Alloimmune neutropenia (AIN) is a rare condition resulting from transplacental passage of maternal alloantibodies against paternal human neutrophil antigens (HNA). The resulting neutropenia may persist for months and predisposes neonates to bacterial and fungal infections, in particular sepsis.

What is fetal alloimmune thrombocytopenia?

INTRODUCTION. Fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) is a rare disorder (1 out of 1000 births) in which maternal-fetal platelet incompatibility leads to formation of maternal antibodies that result in fetal and neonatal thrombocytopenia. Platelet function remains relatively normal.

What is neonatal Alloimmune neutropenia?

Neonatal alloimmune neutropenia (NAN) is an uncommon disease of the newborn provoked by the maternal production of neutrophil-specific alloantibodies, whereby neutrophil IgG antibodies cross the placenta and induce the destruction of fetal neutrophils.

What causes neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia?

Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia, (NAIT) is caused by maternal antibodies raised against alloantigens carried on fetal platelets. Although many cases are mild, NAIT is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in newborns and is the most common cause of intracranial haemorrhage in full-term infants.

What is alloimmune neonatal neutropenia?

What is the cause of neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia?

How do you treat Nait?

Management of the infant with neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia may include platelet transfusions, ultrasounds, and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). Treatment for pregnant mothers at risk for NAIT may include IVIG and steroids.

What is alloimmune disease?

Alloimmune hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) is a disorder in which the life span of fetal and/or neonatal red cells is shortened as a result of binding of transplacentally transferred maternal immunoglobulin (Ig) G antibodies on fetal red blood cell (RBC) antigens foreign to the mother, inherited by …

What is congenital Amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia?

Congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia (CAMT) is a rare, inherited disorder characterized by a severely low number of megakaryocytes, a type of bone marrow cell that makes platelets that are important for clotting and preventing bleeding.