How is lighting maintenance factor calculated?

MF = (LLMF x LSF) x LMF x RMF.

How do you calculate the number of lights in a room?

Multiply width of room x length of room x 1.5 = amount of total minimum wattage needed (assuming an eight foot ceiling). Divide by 60 to get the number of 60-watt equivalent bulbs required. Then, add up the wattage in each bulb in each fixture to figure out how many light fixtures are needed.

What is maintenance factor in electrical?

Maintenance factor • In lighting calculations, ratio of illumination of a light source or lighted surface at a given time to that of initial illumination. • This factor is used to determine depreciation of a lamp or a reflective surface over a period of time.

What does maintenance factor mean?

The ratio of illumination on a given area after a period of time to the initial illumination on the same area; used in lighting calculations to account for the depreciation of lamps or reflective surfaces (or the like). also see light loss factor.

What is a maintenance factor according to Herzberg?

According to Herzberg maintenance or hygiene factors are to maintain good working environment. Presence of these factors does not satisfy people but their absence dissatisfies them. These are dissatisfiers not the satisfiers.

What are the examples of maintenance factor?

Example of a maintenance factor calculation: Luminous flux maintenance factor x luminaire maintenance factor x room maintenance factor x lamp survival factor.

How do you calculate the number of LED lights?

To determine the needed lumens, you will need to multiply your room square footage by your room foot-candle requirement. For example, a 100 square foot living room, which needs 10-20 foot-candles, will need 1,000-2,000 lumens. A 100 square foot dining room, which needs 30-40 foot-candles, will need 3,000-4,000 lumens.

What is the formula of maintenance factor?

Maintenance Factor (MF) Equation for Required Illumination is. E = N (n x φ) x MF x UF / A.

What is the major criticism of Herzberg’s two-factor of motivation?

Herzberg study was limited to the engineers and accountants. The critics say that this theory is not conclusive because the professionals or the white collar workers may like responsibility and challenging jobs. But the general workers are motivated by pay and other benefits.

Which of the following is an example of a maintenance factor?

Hygiene factors (e.g. status, job security, salary, fringe benefits, work conditions, good pay, paid insurance, vacations) that do not give positive satisfaction or lead to higher motivation, though dissatisfaction results from their absence. The term “hygiene” is used in the sense that these are maintenance factors.

How do you find maintenance factor?

In the 1994 Guide, maintenance factor (MF), LLMF and LSF are mention. MF = RSMF x LMF x LLMF x LSF. Lamp Lumen Maintenance Factor (LLMF) decrease in luminous ﬂux as per aging of the light source.

What is the maintenance factor of a room?

Room Surface Maintenance Factor This is a ratio of the surface reflectance after and before you clean. As per the room’s soiling, there is a reduction in the light level. If the surfaces are not clean, light reflects less and gets lost more.

What do you mean by maintenance factor in lighting?

The Maintenance Factor refers to a fraction of the entire light yield at the installation life’s beginning as the yield may fall eventually. This factor tells how much lighting level you should increase at the beginning for staying ahead of the needed light over the installation’s lifetime.

How to calculate the number of indoor lighting fixtures?

The ceiling to desk height is 2 meters. The area is to be illuminated to a general level of 250 lux using twin lamp 32 watt CFL luminaires with a SHR of 1.25. Each lamp has an initial output ( Efficiency) of 85 lumen per watt. The lamps Maintenance factor (MF) is 0.63 ,Utilization Factor is 0.69 and space height ratio (SHR) is 1.25.

How do you determine the height of a light fixture?

The following is the steps to follow when calculating the right height for your light fixtures: Have the length and width measured in feet. Multiply this value with 2.5 and 3 to create a range of heights. The value obtained is the same value for the height but when in inches.

How to calculate the number of lighting fixtures?

Each lamp has an initial output ( Efficiency) of 85 lumen per watt. The lamps Maintenance factor (MF) is 0.63 ,Utilization Factor is 0.69 and space height ratio (SHR) is 1.25. 1. Total wattage of fixtures: Total wattage of fixtures = Number of lamps x each lamp’s watt. Total wattage of fixtures = 2 × 32 = 64 Watt.

How to calculate the maintenance of light loss?

LIGHT LOSS MAINTENANCE FACTORS LLF = LLD x LDD x ATF x HE x VE x BF x CD Lamp Lumen Depreciation – lumen output depreciates over time resulting in a gradual reduction in light levels. 13 LLD Lumen Maintenance is a function of T j and T a within the LED package. 14 LED’s do not radiate heat