What are lines on ultrasound?

The A lines are horizontal artifactual repetitions of the pleural line displayed at regular intervals. The BLUE Protocol applies LUS and venous ultrasound for drawing profiles.

Are a lines on ultrasound normal?

The A-line is a horizontal artifact indicating a normal lung surface. The B-line is a kind of comet-tail artifact indicating subpleural interstitial edema.

What are Z lines on ultrasound?

Z lines are vertical, bundle-like shaped lines arising from the pleural line; however, they are ill-defined, do not erase A lines and are not perfectly synchronous with respiratory movements.

How many B lines are normal?

These are artifacts generated by the juxtaposition of alveolar air and septal thickening (from fluid or fibrosis). Their characteristics are Occasional B lines can be seen in normal lungs (especially at the bases). Up to two between two adjacent ribs can be considered normal.

What are pulmonary B lines?

B lines, previously termed ”comet tails,” are vertical hyperechoic reverberations moving synchronously with the lung and represent key artifacts in interpreting pulmonary ultrasound findings [3,4]. The physiologic basis of B lines relates to decreased lung aeration [5], a finding that is nonspecific.

Can ultrasound see lungs?

It uses sound waves to look at the structures and organs in your chest. It can help your healthcare provider see how well your lungs and heart are working. A chest ultrasound can look at these areas: Lungs.

What are B lines on lung ultrasound?

What are B lines pocus?

B-lines are defined as discrete laser-like vertical hyperechoic artifacts that arise from the pleural line and extend to the bottom of the screen without fading, move synchronously with lung sliding and erase A-lines.

What are the B lines on a Lung ultrasound?

B lines : Vertical narrow based lines arising from the pleural line to the edge of the ultrasound screen. The “comet-tail image” (Ultrasound Lung Comets, ULC) is a sonographic image detectable at the bedside with ultrasound probe positioned over the chest.

What is the pleural line in an ultrasound?

This line is the interface between the soft tissues of the chest wall and the aerated lung the – “pleural” line. The air in normally aerated lungs stops progression of the ultrasound beam and hence the ultrasound “image” of the lung is composed of artifacts. These air artifacts arise from the pleural line.

What is bedside Lung ultrasound in emergency?

Bedside lung ultrasound in emergency (BLUE) is a basic point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) examination performed for undifferentiated respiratory failure at the bedside, immediately after the physical examination, and before echocardiography.

Who are the authors of learnlung ultrasound?

Lung Ultrasound: The Essentials Thomas J. Marini, MD,Deborah J. Rubens, MD, Yu T. Zhao, BA, Justin Weis, MD, Timothy P. O’Connor, MD, William H. Novak, MD, and Katherine A. Kaproth-Joslin, MD, PhD Author informationArticle notesCopyright and License informationDisclaimer