What are the properties of tetracycline?

Tetracycline is a short-acting antibiotic that inhibits bacterial growth by inhibiting translation. It binds to the 30S ribosomal subunit and prevents the amino-acyl tRNA from binding to the A site of the ribosome. It also binds to some extent to the 50S ribosomal subunit. This binding is reversible in nature.

What is the structure of tetracycline?

Tetracycline molecules comprise a linear fused tetracyclic nucleus (rings designated A, B, C and D) to which a variety of functional groups are attached. Tetracyclines are named for their four (“tetra-“) hydrocarbon rings (“-cycl-“) derivation (“-ine”).

What is tetracycline made up of?

The four-ringed compound, tetracycline, was first discovered in 1948 under the name chlortetracycline. It was produced and derived from actual bacterial cells from Streptomyces and Actinobacteria cultures.

What is the classification of tetracycline?

Tetracyclines classify as protein synthesis inhibitor antibiotics and are considered to be broad-spectrum. This activity reviews the indications, action, and contraindications for tetracyclines as a valuable agent in treating bacterial infections.

Is tetracycline bacteriostatic or bactericidal?

Tetracycline, considered to be a bacteriostatic an- tibiotic, has slow bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus in vitro [1]. The concen- tration of tetracycline required to inhibit the growth of stable, cell wall-defective S.

Is tetracycline broad or narrow spectrum?

Tetracyclines are broad-spectrum agents, exhibiting activity against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, atypical organisms such as chlamydiae, mycoplasmas, and rickettsiae, and protozoan parasites.

What are tetracyclines give its structure uses and side effects?

Tetracycline is an antibiotic that fights infection caused by bacteria. Tetracycline is used to treat many different bacterial infections of the skin, intestines, respiratory tract, urinary tract, genitals, lymph nodes, and other body systems.

Where is tetracycline found in nature?

Discovered as natural products from actinomycetes soil bacteria, the tetracyclines were first reported in the scientific literature in 1948. They were noted for their broad spectrum antibacterial activity and were commercialized with clinical success beginning in the late 1940s to the early 1950s.

Is tetracycline an aminoglycoside?

The most important antibiotics with this mode of action are the tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, the macrolides (e.g. erythromycin) and the aminoglycosides (e.g. streptomycin). The aminoglycosides are products of Streptomyces species and are represented by streptomycin, kanamycin, tobramycin and gentamicin.

Why is tetracycline bacteriostatic?

Tetracyclines act by interfering with the ability of a bacterium to produce certain vital proteins; thus, they are inhibitors of growth (bacteriostatic) rather than killers of the infectious agent (bacteriocidal) and are effective only against multiplying microorganisms.

Is tetracycline broad spectrum?

How is tetracycline metabolized?

The majority of first-generation tetracyclines are not metabolized (though 5 % of tetracycline is metabolized to a less active metabolite). Instead, they are most often eliminated by renal excretion.

What is the basic structure of a tetracycline?

ChemistryThe basic tetracycline structure consistsof four benzene rings with variousconstituents on each ring.The crystalline bases are faintly yellow,odorless, slightly bitter compounds.They are only slightly soluble in water atpH 7 but they can form soluble sodiumsalts and hydrochloride.

What are tetracyclins isolated from Streptomyces?

Introduction:● Tetracyclins isolated fromStreptomyces➢ Tetracyclines are introduced 50 yearsago as potent broad spectrumantibiotics.➢They are bio synthesized from aceticacidand propionic acid unitsin microorganisms.

How does tetracycline inhibit protein synthesis?

Tetracycline passively diffuses through porin channels in the bacterial membrane and reversibly binds to the 30S ribosomal subunit, preventing binding of tRNA to the mRNA-ribosome complex, and thus interfering with protein synthesis.

What is tetracycline hydrochloride for topical solution used for?

Tetracycline hydrochloride for topical solution is indicated for the topical treatment of acne vulgaris. It may be effective in grades II and III acne, which are characterized by inflammatory lesions such as papules and pustules.