What is a cystic duct?

The cystic duct connects the top of the gallbladder’s neck to the common hepatic duct. It then joins the common bile duct, which meets pancreatic duct before it empties into the duodenum. In the average adult, the cystic duct measures four centimeters in length. The gallbladder stores bile produced in the liver.

What makes up the cystic duct?

The cystic duct is the short duct that joins the gallbladder to the common hepatic duct. It usually lies next to the cystic artery. It is of variable length. It contains ‘spiral valves of Heister’, which do not provide much resistance to the flow of bile.

What is unusual about the cystic duct?

Rare anomalies of the cystic duct include insertion into the right hepatic duct, double cystic ducts with or without a duplicated gallbladder, and absence of the cystic duct with the gallbladder emptying directly into the common bile duct (,13, ,14, ,18,,21–,23).

What is the histology of the gallbladder?

The gall bladder is a simple muscular sac, lined by a simple columnar epithelium. The sufrace is made up of a simple columnar epithelium. The epithelial cells have microvilli, and look like absorptive cells in the intestine. Underneath the epithelium is the lamina propria.

What causes cystic duct obstruction?

Etiology and Pathogenesis. Cystic duct obstruction is the precipitating event that results in inflammation of the gallbladder by cytokines and other mediators (lysolecithin, prostaglandins) of inflammation. The obstruction is usually caused by a stone, but mucus, sludge, and viscous bile may also play a role.

What fluid flows in the cystic duct?

During meals, cholecystokinin (CCK) hormones are released into the blood supplying the biliary system to stimulate gallbladder contraction and relax the sphincter of Oddi [3]. The bile is expelled from the gallbladder and flows through the cystic duct to the common bile duct and released into the duodenum.

Where is the cystic duct?

gallbladder
The cystic duct connects the neck of the gallbladder to the common hepatic duct (CHD) to form the common bile duct (CBD). The point of insertion usually runs halfway between the hepatic confluence and the ampulla of Vater, most commonly from its right lateral aspect.

What is cystic plate?

The cystic plate is a condensation of fibro-areolar tissue that separates the gallbladder from the liver parenchyma. The cystic plate is well formed in the gallbladder body but gets thinner towards the gallbladder fundus.