What is Barnase and barstar system?
What is Barnase and barstar system?
The barnase-barstar transgene based hybrid seed production technology has been commercially deployed in crops like Brassica napus (Mariani et al. 1990; 1992). The system utilizes the expression of barnase gene, encoding cytotoxic RNase protein in the tapetum cells to make one of the combiner’s male sterile.
What is the difference between self incompatibility and male sterility?
Incompatibility systems: male and female gametes are normal and functional, but can only produce offspring when correct parents are mated; etc. self-incompatibility, cross- incompatibility. Male sterility is defined as the failure of plants to produce functional anthers, pollen, or male gametes.
What is Barnase gene?
Barnase (a portmanteau of “BActerial” “RiboNucleASE”) is a bacterial protein that consists of 110 amino acids and has ribonuclease activity. It is synthesized and secreted by the bacterium Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, but is lethal to the cell when expressed without its inhibitor barstar.
What is male sterility in plants?
Male sterility in plants implies an inability to produce or to release functional pollen, and is the result of failure of formation or development of functional stamens, microspores or gametes.
What is the native function of barnase protein?
Barnase encodes a potent ribonuclease, which when expressed, kills a cell because it chews up the whole protein manufacturing system. The action of barnase is held in check by barstar, a strong repressor gene that prevents barnase action. It is only when barstar is not present that barnase can exert its lethal effect.
What is the secondary structure of barnase?
The helical region of B(1-36) in 35% trifluoroethanol extends to residue 6. It is calculated from extrapolation of a trifluoroethanol titration of the ellipticity at 222 nm that B(1-36) exhibits in water approximately 6% of helical structure, calculated for a 36 residue alpha-helical peptide.
What is male sterility and explain its types?
In other words, male sterile plants produce seed only on cross pollination with functional pollen of other plants. Male sterility is caused due to pollen or anther abortion. iv. Male sterility occurs in nature through spontaneous mutations as well as can be induced artificially by chemical or physical mutagens.
What is male sterility and its types?
Extensive studies suggest that genetic male sterile lines can be broadly classified into three categories; photoperiod genetic male sterile (PGMS), thermosensitive genetic male sterile (TGMS), and photoperiod and thermosensitive genetic male sterile (PTGMS) [15, 24, 25].
What is the secondary structure of Barnase?
What is the native function of Barnase protein?
What is sterility in plant breeding?
Plant male sterility refers to the failure in the production of fertile pollen. It occurs spontaneously in natural populations and may be caused by genes encoded in the nuclear (genic male sterility; GMS) or mitochondrial (cytoplasmic male sterility; CMS) genomes.
What is inbreeding in plants?
For plants, a smaller population means a greater chance of inbreeding, where individual plants that are closely related to each other mate and produce offspring. Inbreeding often results in offspring that are weaker than their parents which can reduce the plant’s chance of survival.