Which blood test is useful to monitor DKA during therapy?
Which blood test is useful to monitor DKA during therapy?
A ketones in blood test is mostly used to check for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in people with diabetes. DKA can affect anyone with diabetes, but it is most common for people with type 1 diabetes.
What two labs need to be diagnosed for DKA?
DKA occurs mainly in patients with type 1 diabetes, but it is not uncommon in some patients with type 2 diabetes. Laboratory studies for DKA include glucose blood tests, serum electrolyte determinations, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) evaluation, and arterial blood gas (ABG) measurements.
Why is Bun elevated in DKA?
Initial evaluation and monitoring of suspected diabetic ketoacidosis – BUN level is usually mildly to moderately elevated (mean 32 mg/dL) in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), attributable to significant volume loss rather than diabetic nephropathy.
Why is BUN and creatinine high in DKA?
Excerpt. Diabetic ketoacidosis is usually accompanied by dehydration resulting in prerenal azotemia, in which the levels of blood urea nitrogen are elevated out of proportion to those of the serum creatinine (1).
Why is serum bicarbonate low in ketoacidosis?
Acidosis in DKA is due to the overproduction of β-hydroxybutyric acid and acetoacetic acid. At physiological pH, these 2 ketoacids dissociate completely, and the excess hydrogen ions bind the bicarbonate, resulting in decreased serum bicarbonate levels.
How do pediatrics manage DKA?
Key points. Treatment of DKA requires first and foremost fluid resuscitation with 0.9% saline, followed by replacement for 5%–10% dehydration, depending on severity, and maintenance with 0.45% saline, and early and adequate K replacement.
How is DKA diagnosed in children?
The biochemical criteria for DKA diagnosis include hyperglycemia (blood glucose [BG] higher than 11 mmol/L or ≥200 mg/dL) with a venous pH of <7.3 and/or a bicarbonate (HCO3) level of <15 mmol/L; ketonemia and ketonuria.
Why is chloride low in DKA?
In DKA, bicarbonate is replaced by β-hydroxybutyric acid and acetoacetic acid, so that the sum of bicarbonate and chloride concentrations is reduced and the anion gap is thus increased.
What is BUN in metabolic panel?
The blood urea nitrogen test, which is also called a BUN or serum BUN test, measures how much of the waste product you have in your blood. If your levels are off the normal range, this could mean that either your kidneys or your liver may not be working properly.