What is jugular foramen syndrome?
What is jugular foramen syndrome?
The jugular foramen syndrome (JFS or Vernet syndrome) refers to paralysis of the IX, X, and XI cranial nerves traversing the jugular foramen. Vernet first described it in the Paris Medical Journal (1917).
Is jugular fossa the same as jugular foramen?
The jugular fossa is a depression situated on the inferior surface of the petrous temporal bone posterior to the inferior opening of the carotid canal. It lodges the jugular bulb. Anteriorly, lies the jugular foramen.
What passes through the jugular fossa?
The carotid ridge separates the carotid canal and jugular foramen. Meningeal branches of the ascending pharyngeal and occipital arteries enter the jugular foramen. The glossopharyngeal, vagus, and accessory nerves pass through the jugular foramen on the medial side of the jugular bulb.
What is the function of the jugular foramen?
Structure and Function The jugular foramen is a cavity formed by the petrous part of the temporal bone anteriorly and the occipital bone posteriorly. Its major function is to act as a conduit for essential structures to pass through.
What causes jugular foramen syndrome?
Vernet syndrome, also known as jugular foramen syndrome, is a constellation of cranial nerve palsies due to compression from a jugular foramen lesion, such as a glomus jugulare tumor, schwannoma, or metastasis 2.
What is Vernet syndrome?
Vernet syndrome refers to paralysis of the IX, X, and XI cranial nerves traversing the jugular foramen. A variety of lesions can involve the jugular foramen, such as tumors, vascular lesions, infections, and trauma [1].
Where is the jugular foramen located and which structure passes through it?
A jugular foramen is one of the two (left and right) large foramina (openings) in the base of the skull, located behind the carotid canal. It is formed by the temporal bone and the occipital bone….
| Jugular foramen | |
|---|---|
| Part of | skull |
| System | skeletal system |
| Identifiers | |
| Latin | Foramen jugulare |
What blood vessel runs through the jugular foramen?
The inferior petrosal sinus travels from the cavernous sinus, usually courses between the glossopharyngeal nerve and vagus and accessory nerves, and eventually joins the jugular bulb medially. In addition, the occipital artery gives rise to several meningeal branches that occasionally pass through the jugular foramen.
Which of the following does not pass through the jugular foramen?
The hypoglossal nerve does not traverse the jugular foramen; however, it joins the nerves exiting the jugular foramen just below the skull base and runs with them in the carotid sheath.
What nerves travel through jugular foramen?
Intradurally, the glossopharyngeal, vagus, and accessory nerves leave the intracranial compartment through the jugular foramen. These nerves leave the medulla and upper cervical spinal cord and transverse the lateral cerebellomedullary cistern before entering the jugular foramen (Figure 6).
What happens if jugular foramen is damaged?
Clinical features depend on the structures affected by JFS[21]: Vagus: Vagal compression initially causes paralysis of the laryngeal muscles leading to hoarseness and a nasal pitch. If the nerve gets compressed further, it results in unilateral paralysis of the soft palate and deviation of the uvula to the normal side.